Adrim 50 mg Ingredients and Usage

The active ingredient is Doxorubicin Hydrochloride, an anthracycline cytotoxic agent. It is supplied as a sterile solution or lyophilized powder for reconstitution, intended for slow intravenous (IV) infusion.

Adrim is a broad-spectrum chemotherapeutic agent clinically indicated for the treatment of numerous cancers, including:

• Solid Tumors: Breast cancer, Ovarian cancer, Lung cancer, Stomach cancer, Head and Neck cancer, and Sarcomas.
• Hematologic Malignancies: Acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
• Pediatric Cancers: Wilms’ tumor and Neuroblastoma.

How Does Adrim 50 mg Work?

Doxorubicin is a complex antineoplastic agent that destroys cancer cells through multiple mechanisms, primarily by damaging their genetic material (DNA):

1. DNA Intercalation: Doxorubicin inserts itself (intercalates) between the base pairs of the DNA helix. This disrupts the DNA structure and blocks the synthesis of both DNA and RNA.
2. Topoisomerase II Inhibition: It inhibits the enzyme Topoisomerase II, which is essential for unwinding and repairing DNA strands during replication and transcription. By preventing this action, it causes permanent, irreparable double-strand breaks in the DNA.
3. Free Radical Generation: Doxorubicin generates highly reactive oxygen free radicals in the cell. These harmful chemicals cause further damage to cell membranes and DNA, leading to apoptosis (programmed cell death) in the cancer cells.

Adrim 50 mg Side Effects and Warnings

Doxorubicin is a powerful and potentially toxic medicine. Patients receiving Adrim require close medical supervision and frequent monitoring of blood counts, liver function, and heart function. Common side effects are frequent:

• Myelosuppression: Decrease in white blood cells (Neutropenia), red blood cells (Anemia), and platelets (Thrombocytopenia), increasing the risk of life-threatening infection and bleeding.
• Alopecia (Hair Loss): Usually reversible upon cessation of treatment.
• Nausea, Vomiting, and Diarrhea.
• Stomatitis (Mouth sores/inflammation).

Black Box Warnings and Critical Precautions:

1. Cardiotoxicity (Heart Damage): Doxorubicin is known to cause dose-dependent irreversible cardiomyopathy (heart muscle damage) and congestive heart failure (CHF), often months to years after treatment. Lifetime cumulative doses are strictly limited, and baseline and periodic cardiac function assessments (e.g., MUGA scans/Echocardiograms) are mandatory.
2. Secondary Malignancies: There is an increased risk of developing secondary cancers, particularly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).
3. Extravasation Risk: Doxorubicin is a vesicant. If the injection leaks out of the vein, it can cause severe pain, tissue necrosis (death), and sloughing. Administration must be carefully monitored.
4. Contraindications: Patients with severe myocardial insufficiency, recent myocardial infarction, severe persistent drug-induced myelosuppression, or severe liver disease should not receive Adrim.

Adrim 50 mg Storage Conditions

Adrim 50 mg Injection is a temperature-sensitive product that requires controlled storage:

• Store the unopened vial in a refrigerator at a temperature between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F).
• Do Not Freeze: Freezing can compromise the quality of the solution, especially for certain formulations.
• Protect from Light: The drug is sensitive to bright light. Keep the vials in the original carton to protect them until preparation.
• Handling: As a cytotoxic agent, it must be handled and disposed of according to strict safety guidelines to prevent accidental exposure.